Paris in the 1920’s †“The Lost Generation” Essay

Paris in the 1920’s – â€Å"The Lost Generation† Between the end of the First World War and Hitlers seizure of power a cultural explosion occurred in Paris that altered our notions of art and reality and shaped our way of viewing the world ever since. In the 1920s, Paris became the undisputed international capital of pleasure and was regarded as the cultural and artistic center of Europe with a reputation for staging one of its most glamorous eras, as well as some of the most spectacular revues in the world. Imagine for a moment, that it really is 1920s Paris. You are leisurely strolling through the gas lit promenades. World War I is over and the exuberance of jazz musicians, symbolist painters, and American expatriates†¦show more content†¦By the end of the decade, statistics revealed that there were as many as thirty thousand artists in Paris alone. The â€Å"Lost Generation† is essentially a term that is used to describe the young adults of the 1920’s who were changing with the times and rebelling against what America had become after the war. They populated areas like Paris and London where they expected to find literary freedom and a cosmopolitan way of life. The â€Å"Lost Generation of American writers and poets left America, seeking refuge from the broken culture and devastation that had come from the war, and ended up in Paris, a city that had a thriving art culture where they could write freely and lavish in the Bohemian lifestyle without rules. They drank, traveled, had love affairs, and wrote. They were influenced by the paintings of artists like Dada and Picasso and collected their works, as well as socialized with them. They critiqued each other’s writing and often met in bookstores, cafà ©s, and bars to talk about their works and life in general. They had mostly upper-middle-class upbringi ngs and were sustained in hard times by their parents fortunes. They chose to come to Paris to seek artistic fulfillment and ended up writing what is possibly considered some of the best fiction of the 20th century. It was the time when writers, painters, musicians, and composers went to Paris to work andShow MoreRelated Parallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald 1064 Words   |  5 PagesParallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the decade of the 1920s, America was going through many changes, evolving from the Victorian Period to the Jazz Age. Changing with the times, the young adults of the 1920s were considered the Lost Generation. The Great War was over in 1918. Men who returned from the war had the scars of war imprinted in their minds. The eighteenth amendment was ratified in 1919 which prohibitedRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sun Also Rises Ernest Hemingway Introduction Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises is a classic work of American prose, and is essential to understanding the social climate of the 1920’s, and the â€Å"Lost Generation†. Hemingway’s motley cast of star-crossed lovers, rabble-rousers, expatriates, gamblers, and burgeoning alcoholics reflect the excitement, loneliness, and disillusionment experienced by Hemingway and his contemporaries. In addition, the post-war angst of young people of the time isRead MoreThe Counter Culture of the 1920s Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe counter culture of the 1920’s has affected the way the American lifestyle is today. Counter culture is a culture that primarily consists of younger people, with values and lifestyles opposing those of the original established culture. (Dictionary.com) A need for change. The 1920’s are also known as the â€Å"Jazz Age,† which was coined by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and the â€Å"Roaring Twenties.† It was a d ecade of change. (Hakim, 41) The counterculture of the 1920’s resulted from the Age of Jazz, FlappersRead MoreThe Story Of The Lost Generation1661 Words   |  7 Pages Brodie Wiener PIB LA 10 Period 3 Hensley 3 April 2015 The Story of the Lost Generation Living an spontaneous, carefree life like the characters in The Sun Also Rises do sounds like fun but it isn t what it seems. Ernest Hemingway writes a piece of literature that when looked upon through a new historicist critical perspective exposes the underlying truth and an uglier reality that is normally suppressed presents itself. New historicist criticism in a nutshell is arguing that the literature isRead MoreTaking a Look at the Jazz Age1600 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å" People became less conservative and wanted more to just have a good time.†(The Roaring 20s: The Jazz Age - History For Dummies) After the end of the war, Americans were more relaxed and wanted to live freely. This is evident through many new ideas and feeling among the citizens of the U.S. One of these new ideas was bootlegging, which led to the formation of speakeasies. Prohibition began in 1920, which banned the manufacture, transportation and sale of intoxicating liquors. Speakeasy is anRead MoreErn est Hemingway s The Sun942 Words   |  4 Pagessparked his love for writing. He wrote for the school paper The Trapeze, as well as the yearbook, The Tabula. His style of writing seemed to imitate that of a sports writer (Wikipedia 2). Hemingway’s writing was often inspired by the post World War 1 Generation. As a young man, he responded to a recruitment effort to help the war in Kansas City. He then became an ambulance driver in Italy. His military experiences took part in forming his writing as a whole. One event that traumatized Hemingway was theRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Earnest Hemingway1193 Words   |  5 PagesHemingway, there are two main settings: France and Spain. The novel begins in Paris, France with the narrator and protagonist, Jake Barnes lives and immerses himself in his journalism. Paris is known to be a place of great beauty, and was a common place for many writers to reside in the 1920’s. This initial setting of Paris served to contrast the excitement and beauty yet corruption and uneasiness that is the enigma of Paris. This is where Jake lives, he frequents bars and parallels his author HemingwayRead MoreAmerican Writer F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesSide of Paradise (1920). It was perfect literary timing. After flunking out of Princeton and joining the army, Fitzgerald began writing his first novel, ‘This Side of Paradise’, for fear that he would be killed in the Great War for which he was never deployed. He struggled to produce anything anybody was interested in publishing; however, while stationed outside of Montgomery, Alabama, Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda Sayre, the daughter of a state supreme court judge. Fitzgerald s financial situationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Lost Generation1411 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You are all a lost generation†, said Gertrude Stein to Ernest Hemingway in a casual conversation in Paris. The phrase then came to characterize an entire post-war generation of the 1920’s which sets the premise of Hemingway’s iconic novel, The Sun Also Rises. After World War I, society quickly began questioning their traditional ideas of justice, faith and morality. The men and women affected by the aftermath of the war became physically, psychologically, and morally lost. This group of people wasRead More Lost Generation in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises Essay example1515 Words   |  7 PagesLost Generation in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises      Ã‚   In the words of Herbert Hoover, Older men declare war. But it is youth that must fight and die. And it is youth who must inherit the tribulation, the sorrow and the triumphs that are the aftermath. War disfigures and tears away precious lives. Its horrors embed themselves like an infectious disease in the minds of the survivors, who, when left to salvage the pieces of their former existences, are brushed into obscurity by the individuals

Gay Marriage and Other Issues Surrounding the LGBT...

When it comes to dealing with gay marriage and the issues surrounding gay rights, there is one question on everyone’s mind, â€Å"Can we outlaw hate?† Elton John once said, â€Å"There is nothing wrong with going to bed with someone of your own sex. People should be very free with sex, they should draw the line at goats.† This quote shows the minority opinion when dealing with homosexuality or homosexual marriage. To better understand the reason for such prejudice against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community, we must first explore the history that surrounds it. Until the late nineteenth century, there were no labels for homosexuals or heterosexuals—we were all merely people. Around the 1860s, however, the government†¦show more content†¦In 1953, to Hay’s dismay, President Eisenhower claimed that, â€Å"homosexuality became, by executive order, a necessary and sufficient reason in itself to fire any federal employe e from his or her job.† The United States Postal Service (USPS) began tracing suspected homosexuals’ mail to gather evidence that would lead to their arrest. Times were rough for the LGBT community. Seven years later, people began to rebel. In the ten years between 1960 and 1970, many American organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Lutheran Church publicly announced their opposition to anti-homosexuality laws. In 1968, a â€Å"Homosexual Bill of Rights† was adopted which stated: â€Å"1. Private consensual sex between persons over the age of consent shall not be an offense. 2. Solicitation for any sexual acts shall not be an offense except upon the filing of a complaint by the aggrieved party, not a police officer or agent. 3. A person’s sexual orientation or practice shall not be a factor in the granting or renewing of federal security clearances or visas, or in the granting of citizenship. 4. Service in and discharge fro m the Armed Forces and eligibility for veteran’s benefits shall be without reference to homosexuality. 5. A person’s sexual orientation or practice shall not affect his eligibility for employment withShow MoreRelatedMental Health And The Lgbt Community1665 Words   |  7 Pagesmany studies on mental health in the LGBT community. With more people being open about their sexual orientation, the LGBT community has become a bigger target for those individuals who create difference between groups to justify discrimination of a particular group. The discrimination towards the LGBT community has caused problems for individuals in the community, mental health being among the biggest problem. Studies have shown that the discrimination of LGBT individuals can affect mental healthRead MoreLgbt Orientation And The Lgbt Community1597 Words   |  7 Pages The numerous controversial issues surrounding gays and lesbians, including same-sex marriage, adoptions, and school gay-straight alliances, have brought sexual orientation and homophobia to the front of American social conscience. Although gays and lesbians seem to be more visible in the United States and media images of gays and lesbians have become familiar, violence against gays and lesbians continues to rise and anti-gay measures are common in the political arena. However the question that AmericansRead MoreGay Community Rights and Respinsiblities Essay1392 Words   |  6 Pageshomosexuality have formed a varying timeline. The LGBT community’s rights and responsibilities must match those of society in general. Throughout the last 50 years the rights deserved by those who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender has been debated. Debates have included topics such as same sex marriage, housing security, and job security. The LGBT community needs laws protecting it from hate crimes. There have been multiple incidents LGBT individuals have been beaten, raped, and even murderedRead MoreHate Crimes In The Lgbt Community1580 Words   |  7 Pagesare openly a part of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender community; that is roughly equivalent to the entire population of New Jersey. The LGBT community stands for and places their beliefs in equality, individuality, and pride. Despite their efforts, they are still faced with degrading discrimination and cruel hatred. Today, fourteen percent of all hate crimes are directed towards to LGBT community. (fbi.gov) The number of hate crimes towards the community is quickly increasing and evolvingRead MoreWe Must Become More Accepting of the LGBT Community Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesblushing red above the LGBT community, harassment a constant and inequality beginning as an adjustment. Without an alarm the LGBT community is continually awakened with news stori es of children, brothers, and friends betrayed by their neighbors and their mothers due to their sexuality. Through the depths of era and age the community has entered a movement of desired acceptance and equal rights. In Oklahoma and other states, people are not so tolerant towards the community with personal beliefs moreRead MoreCivil Rights And Freedom Of Speech1569 Words   |  7 Pagesproviding equal access to health care, education, culture, etc. among others. These are important because they ensure that every citizen receives equal treatment, regardless of who they are. Civil liberties on the other hand, are rights that need protection from the government. Examples of civil liberties include freedom of speech, press, and assembly, the right to vote, and the right to equality in public places, along with others. They are important because they guard the rights and freedom of citizensRead MoreThe Rights Code Of The United States1355 Words   |  6 Pagesincreasing its accepta nce of the LGBT+ community. LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender, with the plus extending to those who are intersex and anyone who does not identify as straight (having sexual and/or romantic attraction to another gender) or cisgender (having one’s gender identity match the one in which they were assigned at birth), the two â€Å"norms† of our society. The country’s first strides in equality came in the arrest of Everett Klippert, a gay mechanic in the Northwest TerritoriesRead MoreBeing Appreciated And Being Welcomed By People1303 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to prevent the â€Å"spread of homosexuality†. And not enough people let them love the people whom they love. It shouldn’t be up to everyone to decide who you love or why you love them. To start things off, the main reason why the LGBT+ community (Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transgenders, etc) isn’t accepted by the majority of the population is because of religious beliefs. Religious people believe that a man should only be able to love a woman and a woman should only be able to love a man. ThisRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1711 Words   |  7 Pagesyear. Same-sex marriage is a debatable topic that attracts many responses from those supporting and those opposing the issue. People who dispute gay marriage believe it is morally wrong, while gay rights activists believe that all marriages be treated equally. This dispute is put into several different lights including morals, family values and religion; and those of equality, constitutionality. Section 1: The first major law that affected same-sex marriage was the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA).Read MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage930 Words   |  4 Pagessame-sex marriage all across the nation, after years of social, political, and cultural mobilizations of members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community and allies. However, this achievement is not an end it itself. Leaders of the marriage equality movement, as well as community members, ask: Now what? This proposed project attempts to provide an answer for this question by looking at the perceived impact of the legalization of same-sex marriage among Black LGBTs in relation

Midsummer Nights Dream And Demetrius Essay Example For Students

Midsummer Nights Dream And Demetrius Essay Midsummer Night`s Dream And DemetriusA Midsummer Nights Dream is one of Shakespeares most read plays thisromantic comedy illustrates how complicated love ties can be. Thesis: In thisplay one of the characters that catches the eye of the reader is Demetrius, hischaracter is really difficult to identify except by his relation to the one heloves, or even more, to the one who loves him. Helena the character in love withDemetrius and her unjustified pursue for his love is the only clue or mark forhis character. Under the undesirable pressure of this unwanted charm that shehas for his love, he turns violent and threatens her with bodily harm, comingoff as not quite the loving person he truly means to be. It is easy to perceivehow he is distracted from the one he loves Hermia because of Helenas hard headedactions in the beginning. He could be a gentle loving man if he truly desired,but he takes satisfaction being put in his place by others. In the end, stillunder the spell of fairy magic an d therefore not seeing with true eyes, he seemsa bit imbecilic launching at the acted lovers in the play. He doesntrealize it, but he is in a play of its own. Likewise, as with the othercharacters, what happens to him is far more interesting than the sort ofcharacter he is. His character is very limited during the first act, this meansthat he cant stand up for himself, also displays lack of self confidence,insecurity perhaps because of the presence of his father. The reader may impliesthat Demetrius thoughts were that because he had the approval of the duke Egeus,Hermia should give herself up to him and disapprove Lysander, the one she loves. Demetrius took advantage of his social stature by claiming Hermia as the one forhim, which truly portrays his instability. At the same time, this showed that heloves Hermia. It is know that he is supported by Egeus because of therelationship with Demetrius dad, hateful Lysander opposes saying that she loveshim and no other. Egeus decides that Demetrius is the one that deserves Hermiaat this point, his ego shows uplifted and looks down on to Lysander projectingan inferior state. During the love trial Demetrius demoralizes Helena by almostlaughing at her deep ridicule feelings she has for him: Ill run from thee andhide me in the breaks and leave thee to the mercy of wild beasts. (Demetrius,2.1. 234-235) Helena could crash on her bike and die on the very next moment andhe would not care about it. Thorough the whole play he takes advantage of anysituation that he thinks may benefit him everything like when Lysander wasmissing: I had rather give his luck to my hounds and if I could,what s hould I get there for says to Hermia, A privileged never to see more. Andfrom thy hated presence I see me no more, whether he be dead or no. (Hermia,3.2. 81-83). This awful conversation shows that he has a very demoralizingpersonality and disrespects Lysander he doesnt realize that at this pointHermia doesnt feel comfortable with any aspect of his personality shedislikes him and doesnt want to see him ever again, inadvertly he comesacross as the main reason why Lysander is missing, Hermia automatically thinksof him as the murderer of Lysander: It cannot be but thou hast murdered him. Soshould a murderer look, so dead so grim. (Hermia, 3.2. 58-59). During theseevents Helena still persists in gaining Demetrius love, instead he still lowersher, but this time he drowns her and she cannot surface again: You do impeachyour modesty too much to leave the city and commit yourself into the hands ofone that loves you not, to trust the opportunity of night and the ill counsel ofa desert place w ith the rich worth of your virginity. (Demetrius, 2.1.221-226). .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .postImageUrl , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:hover , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:visited , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:active { border:0!important; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:active , .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548 .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u49a9ab2928c440cb1cfa8d5232a80548:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: anne frank EssayHelena blinded thinking in a different way accepts. Demetrieus loves theexternal beauty ignoring what feelings are he is only concerned with sexualfeelings on the other hand Lysander is more concerned with inner feelingsbeauty. Demetrius enjoys fighting with women it makes him feel flattered bythe attraction during the fight this can be due to the relationship with his dadwhich is not really touched but only in the beginning of act I, he also makesreference to his high political stature and states and that because of thisHermia is his, in contrast Lysander is emotional with pure feelings. IIIDemetrius personality and emotions Helena and Demetrius meet more than once,the second time in the woods this time it seems that he is trying to put an endto his situation regarding her: Stay, though thou kill me, sweet Demetrius. Demetrius: I charge thee, hence, and do not haunt me thus. Helena: O, wilt thoudarkling leave me? Do not so. Demetrius: Stay on thy peril. I alone will go. (2.2.90-93) It is really doubtful that he loved Helena while trying to getHermias love. He tears her heart showing a heartless personality: I love theenot; therefore pursue thee notHence, get thee gone, and follow me no more. Tell you I do not, nor I cannot love you? (Demetrius, 2.1.195-208) Demetrious isa less poetic and romantic figure, which is based on his perception of women,violent and unchivalrous. When he shakes off Helena, he portrays a personwithout charm: Do I entice you? Do I speak you fair? Or rather do I not inplainest truth Tempt not too much the hatred of my spirit, for I am sick whenI do look on thee. (Demetrius, 2.1. 206-219). Hermia completely erased him outof her life this makes him really feel sorrow so he decides no to peruse heranymore so he decides to give some time thinking that she would miss him. Demetrius under a spell does a complete 360* and the effect of this love spellnow shuts Hermia completely out of his life: Lysander, keep thy Hermia. I willnone. If I loved her, all that love is gone. My heart to her but as guest-wisesojourned, and now to Helen is it home returned, there to remain. (Demetrius,3.2.172-176). Demetrius immediately becomes extremely violent toward lysander: Isay I love thee more than he can do. (Demetrius,3.2.261) he has no reasonbecause he now loves Hermia so Helena asks him to prove him self: If thou say sowithdraw and prove it too. (Lysander, 3.2.2 62) this finally makes Demetriusfollow his instincts and he finally realizes that he really wanted Hermia butcouldnt stand high enough to be her loved one. In conclusion Demetriuspersonality is the type that when wants something will do anything to get it,even if it includes manipulating, hurting or going over every obstacle untilachieving it. In this play he experiences reality and illusion, change andtran sformation and it keeps the reader in close attention of his character. Heis an important part of this play without his character the play would be dulland the plot unflavorfull. Shakespeare

Piercing the Corporate Veil England and Wales

Introduction The main reason for forming a corporation is to protect owners from liabilities and debts of their ventures. This guarantees the continuity of the corporation. However, we have noted cases whereby courts have reached a point of considering a separate business enterprise as a way of gaining unfair advantages over creditors and other claimants.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Piercing the Corporate Veil: England and Wales specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, it is clear that courts apply various standards for various types of business entities. Therefore, such variations in decision-making can affect the future decisions of courts when piercing the veils of other entities, which can have significant ramifications for the owners. This paper looks at circumstances under which courts can decide to pierce the corporate veil using cases from England and Wales. It also reviews both past and recent tren ds and how they may affect future decisions of courts. Piercing the Corporate veil Shareholders of business corporations and limited liability entities design their organisations to protect themselves from creditors. Individual investors take risks by making investments in new or existing businesses. The public favours creations of new entities because of job creation. In addition, they also act as sources of taxes for the government. Corporations and limited liability companies are responsible for business developments as they protect their owners from failure resulting from business activities. Thus, if the new corporation fails, it is responsible for all debts it incurred as a new venture. However, corporations protect shareholders from such claims. Thus, the business owner has no obligation to pay such debts unless there are personal guarantees of the owner against debts. Therefore, in case of lawsuits, business entities face risks of losing their assets. However, the corporate veil protects assets of the owner. Thus, we can say that not many entrepreneurs would risk their personal wealth without a corporate shield.Advertising Looking for essay on business corporate law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More We have to note that the lawsuit may only remain as a form of threat to the business only if the owner treats that business as a distinct and separate entity from himself. In most cases, the court may establish that the corporation has no real assets to pay for its debts. In this case, the creditor may seek to convince the court that a corporate shield should not apply in the case. Instead, the creditor will strive to recover the debts from personal assets of the owner. This practice of collecting debt is piercing the corporate veil in order to get the court’s decision regarding the owner’s obligations for the creditor in debts incurred. Shareholder Protection and Piercing the Corporate Veil Courts have often delivered some controversial rulings about piercing the corporate veil. The landmark case of Salomon v A Salomon Co Ltd of 1897 is one of such court rulings. The recent case that has influenced the idea of piercing the corporate veil is the case of VTB Capital Plc v Nutritek International Corp (VTB Capital) of 2011. There is also the case of Antonio Gramsci Shipping Corp v Stepanovs (Gramsci) of 2011. These cases have created new interests regarding the scope of piercing the corporate veil (Pugh, 2012). In the case of Gramsci, the Court ruled that it was appropriate to pierce the corporate veil of Stepanovs so that Gramsci could enforce terms of the agreement under the contract. The Court based its decision on the fact that the owners established the company to perpetuate fraud by abusing structure and personality of the company. The UK has effective Corporate Governance Codes (the Code). It works based on â€Å"comply or explain† principle. This gives it flexibility of adoption among corporations of the UK. The Code has gained popularity due to its effectiveness in promoting corporate governance in the UK. According to the Code, â€Å"corporate governance is the system by which board of directors direct and control companies† (Financial Reporting Council, 2012). The main reason for corporate governance is to promote effective growth of business through prudent management, which bring the long-term success of the corporation. As a result, the Code ensures that corporations exist to serve interests of shareholders and the public.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Piercing the Corporate Veil: England and Wales specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the Code can only controls regulatory practices of corporations, but it cannot control their internal affairs such as acquisitions of assets or credit facilities. Thus, corporations are liable for their own d ebts. In some cases, there are exceptions regarding directors or shareholders obligations to creditors (Rogowski, 1999). Thus, creditors may seek personal assets of directors and shareholders. Given such conditions, courts may pierce the corporate veil of the corporation and hold shareholders liable for debts. Shareholders have enjoyed limited personal liabilities. This implies that such directors and shareholders are not liable for creditors (Gower Davies, 2003). Occasionally, shareholders or directors may fail to uphold financial integrity and effective corporate governance requirements. In these cases, directors or shareholders risk becoming personally liable for corporation debts. This is because creditors or the court may establish that there is no difference between the shareholder and the corporation. Theories of piercing the corporate veil The principle of piercing the corporate veil differs from one country to another. It also creates confusion in the corporate law because of the idea of limited liability. The views among corporate law scholars point to interpretations of limited liability and corporation activities when handling the corporate veil issue. Two theories exist to explain the idea of piercing the corporate veil. They also explain why courts can lift the corporate veil. First, there is the alter ego or self-theory. This theory looks at â€Å"if there is a distinctive nature of the boundaries between the corporation and its shareholders† (Forji, 2007). Second, instrumentality theory focuses on the use of a company by â€Å"its owners in ways that benefit the owner and not the corporation† (Forji, 2007). Thus, on any given case, the court shall decide which theory applies in a particular case. However, courts have not been effective in piercing the corporate veil and may only do it to achieve equitable results for both parties.Advertising Looking for essay on business corporate law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Situations under which the court lift the veil of corporation Occasionally, courts may ignore the provision of limited liability and pierce the corporate veil. This applies when the court perceives that shareholders may not be different from the company. In this case, the court disregards the provision of corporations as a separate entity. Instead, it treats the two as a single entity (Payne, 1997). In English and Wales company laws, the courts insist on establishing a distinction between the business and its owners. Thus, Anglo-Saxon courts reflect on several issues before piercing the corporate veil. These may include some irregularities in the companies, in the partnership, groups, and subsidiaries. The company may be a sham, facade, or a creation of another company with intentions of facilitating evasion of fiduciary requirements. In this case, they automatically disregard the separate personality of the company in question (Bainbridge, 2001). Fraud English and Wales courts have pierced the corporate veil in cases involving fraud. In this case, a shareholder of a corporation establishes the corporation for evasion legal or fiduciary obligations. This is when the intention to create a corporation is to deny the creditors’ pre-established legal rights and refute claims. The famous case is that of Re Edelsten ex parte Donnelly. In this case, the court did not ascertain fraud of the owner of the company, who failed to take the responsibility regarding his creditors basing his decision on limited liability. This means that the court could not rule out fraud as the establishment of the business was not out of sham (Farrar, 1990). Shareholder created the company in order to protect any property acquired after bankruptcy from ending with the one of bankrupt trustees. Creditors incur unjust costs Sometimes, creditors may incur unfair costs or losses and the court may decide to pierce the veil. Unfairness may cause courts to pierce the corporate veil. The cou rt may argue that it would result to justice and fairness for the creditor. Lack of a clear separation between the entity and the owner Some business owners have failed to establish a distinction between their personal lives and their entities. In this case, the plaintiff may request the court to declare the business as a sham entity, which does not exist. Therefore, owners take personal operation of the business and are liable for debts incurred. Agency Some companies operate as corporate groups. Thus, the parent company may not be clear. Scholars argue that the parent company may conceal its identity under the agency name. The courts have argued that companies do not exist to serve the purpose of being agents for their owners. Instead, they are separate entities. The case that explains the role of agency in piercing the corporate veil is Barrow v CSR Ltd (Forji, 2007). However, it is difficult to establish that the company operates as agent to its shareholders. Thus, courts may re fuse to pierce the veil in that case. This was the case of The Electric Light and Power Supply Corporation Limited v Cormack where the court did not pierce the veil (Forji, 2007). Corporate groups The courts also do not hesitate to pierce the veil in corporate partnerships. A good example to illustrate this instance is the case of Bluecorp Pty Ltd v ANZ Executors and Trustee Co Ltd (supra). The court declared, â€Å"Inter-relationship of the corporate structure and the degree of their participation in shared enterprise with benefits reaped from steps initiated and plans executed† (Forji, 2007). Sham The court may consider a sham or a facade when lifting the corporate veil. In this case, the real plans behind the establishment of the entity are vague and may not be real. Briefly, it is something that makes false appearance, disguise, and or serves to conceal the real purpose behind its existence. The case of Sharrment Pty Ltd v Official Trustee in Bankruptcy served to explain a sham (Forji, 2007). Fraud and sham go together. Courts have maintained that an argument for a sham also depends on an argument for a fraud. This is because shareholders cannot perpetuate fraud using a legal and an existing entity. Consequences of Piercing the Corporate Veil If courts pierce the corporate veil, then the business owner become personally liable for the entity’s debts. Thus, the owner loses rights to limited liability. Instead, the creditors turn to the shareholders personal properties, homes, other investments, and bank accounts to clear their business debts. The recent arguments in the case of Gramsci and VTB Capital highlight how the judges give diverse views about piercing the corporate veil of an entity. Judges argues for or against their decisions regarding rulings of whether or not they ought to have pierced the corporate veil. Several corporate scholars review the case with increased interest to understand whether the courts have established cases of in justice and impropriety in the case. A closer look at the VTB Capital Inc. v. Nutritek International Corp The Court of England allowed for an appeal in the case of VTB, which has raised several questions regarding the legality of piercing or lifting the corporate veil. This case shall provide an opportunity for the Court to explain circumstances under which a Court can pierce the veil. It shall also demonstrate the Court’s position regarding the shareholders or directors of the company with reference to facility agreements. We have to recognise that there is no definite rule on how the case can go as the decision entirely rests with the Court. In all, this case shall set a new precedent on the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil. The impact of VTB case shall extend beyond England and Wales to other countries under the Commonwealth influence. Facts about VTB case This case comes from the failure of Russagroprom LLC (RAP) of to repay its loan to Capital (VTB). RAP acquired a loan facility in order to facilitate an acquisition of some dairy companies for Nutritek International Corporation (Nutritek). Nutritek is the defendant in this case. VTB is an English company operating as a subsidiary of the Russian Bank, JSC VTB Bank of Moscow. VTB granted a facility to RAP through a ‘Facility Agreement’ terms. They also executed many interest rate swaps (ISA). RAP is a Russian company. However, when RAP failed to service the facility, VTB saw it appropriate to sue the loan beneficiary, Nutritek. Nutritek is a Virgin Island company of England. VTB also sued two foreign affiliates of Nutritek. In addition, the list also included a Russian (Malofeev) VTB claimed as the owner and controller of the companies. VTB argued that Malofeev was the main beneficiary of the facility, owner and controller of Nutritek, its foreign affiliates, and RAP (Kain, 2012). The company first made its claims under tort. It claimed that Nutritek and other defendants were liab le for deceit or fraud and conspiracy. VTB claimed that Nutritek and its associates engaged in two acts of fraudulent activities that facilitated its entry into the facility arrangement and ISA. First, VTB claimed that Nutritek and its associates misrepresented that RAP was an independent entity with its own arm of control. Second, VTB also claimed that Nutritek and its associates misrepresented the actual value of the company to its auditors, Ernst Young Valuation Company, which conducted valuation for VTB Moscow. VTB acquired an ex parte order that allowed it serve Nutritek and its associate ex juris in 2011. Ex parte order also had a â€Å"worldwide freezing of Malofeev’s assets of US $200 million† (Kain, 2012). Nutritek’s reaction aimed at setting the orders aside. As a result, VTB realised it was appropriate to amend its claims. In this new claim, VTB claimed that Nutritek and its associates acted jointly on several occasions with RAP to disregard the Faci lity Agreement and ISA arrangements. VTB argued that, under these new claims, the Court would pierce the corporate veil of RAP. VTB based its main argument rested on the fact that the â€Å"Facility Agreement contained forum-selection and choice-of-law clauses in favour of England† (Kain, 2012). VTB claimed that the Court could consider all defendants as responsible parties to the facility under the Facility Agreement. In this case, the Court could apply â€Å"the English forum-selection clause, or base the case on the English CPR Practice Direction, which permitted service ex juris in relation to contractual claims† (Kain, 2012). Discussion of the case Judge Arnold dismissed VTB’s claims in November 2011. On the other hand, he granted the Nutritek’s motion of the service ex juris order. This also extended to the worldwide freezing of Malofeev’s assets. The judge claimed that VTB had not established whether England was the appropriate location to t ry the case. Judge Arnold maintained that even if the Court pierced the corporate veil of RAP, it could not guarantee that the legal consequences would mean that the Court could enforce the Facility Agreement and ISA against Nutritek and associates. Further, the Court reaffirmed Arnold’s ruling on June 20, 2012 at the English Court of Appeal. Lloyd argued that there was no such principle as piercing the corporate veil. However, the Judge had only one provision for VTB. It argued that the Court could look into the case based on the company’s corporate sham or facade. In this case, the Judge argued that the case of was only valid under â€Å"special circumstances, which indicate that it was a mere faà §ade concealing the true facts† (Kain, 2012). The Judge asserted that: â€Å"†¦ In cases in which that is done, the authorities show that it will or may lead to the granting of remedies against the company which, veil piercing apart, might appear in principle to be available only against those controlling it; and, equally, against the controllers when they might appear in principle to be available only against the company†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (VTB Capital plc v Nutritek International Corp and others [2012] EWCA Civ 808). Lloyd also maintained that the Court had the competency and the capacity to pierce the corporate veil in case there was no other means to ensure that the company and its controllers take responsibility for their wrongdoing. Lloyd also established the following arguments from the case. First, Lloyd noted that ownership and controls of entities alone do not guarantee piercing the corporate veil. Second, the court cannot simply pierce the veil in â€Å"the interest of justice even if there is no third party in the case† (Kain, 2012). Third, the Court can â€Å"only pierce the veil on grounds of impropriety† (Kain, 2012). Fourth, there must be a connection between the use of the company’s structures in order to evade or conceal liability and the impropriety. He also notes that the company’s engagement in impropriety alone does guarantee piercing its corporate veil. Fifth, the Court argued that it was necessary to establish both an act of impropriety, control, and ownership of the entity by the offender. In this case, the offender uses the corporate to conceal the real facts with the intention of concealing impropriety. Finally, the Court also recognised that an entity could also be a sham from its inception, even if the ownership did not intend to use it for deception. Therefore, the Court agreed that it could pierce the corporate veil based on the relevant offense of fraudulent or dishonest activities involving misuse of the corporate identity in order to conceal the facts behind the corporation identity. The failed VTB’s Claims From these observations, the Court established that VTB had a case against Nutritek and its associates, and that it was proper to pierce the corp orate veil of RAP. In this sense, the issue was whether it was possible for the Court to pierce the corporate veil of RAP in order to render the defendants (Nutritek and its associates) liable for the Facility Agreement and ISA. However, VTB’s claims did not succeed on the following ground, at least, from Lloyd’s argument. According to Lloyd, after reviewing the English law, they established that they could not support the idea of granting equitable relief against the corporation or its owners beyond this. In other words, the Court could not hold the owner as an actual party to the contract. Given this view, the Court rejected claims of undisclosed principals as agents of the contract. According to the Court, VTB assumed that, under the English law, the Court could hold a party responsible to a contract because of controls or ownership. However, the Court established that none of the parties had any idea about the contract. The Court also noted that to accede to VTBâ⠂¬â„¢s claims would amount to making intrusions into the principle of law that respects contractual agreements between parties, and any other party interested in the contract. In this light, the Court noted that the case of VTB did not fall under this category and that a stranger to the contract was not liable to the contract. The Court also did not recognise the puppet entity and the controlling puppeteer. However, it was important to identify the puppet company and its owners to justify the grant of a judicial remedy when it was convenient and necessary to do so. Still, the Court could not go to the extent of treating the puppeteer and the puppet entity as the other parties because they were distinct entities. The Court noted that fulfilling this claim amounted to ignoring Salomon principles. In this context, the Court could not assume that the puppeteer and the puppet entity were party to the contract. In short, Lloyd noted that it was not proper to use the common law as VTB had suggested. In other words, the court did not recognise VTB’s claims of piercing the corporate veil of RAP in this case. Any such decision would indicate that the Court surpassed the current principle of the common law. Further, it would mean that the Court brought new parties to the contract. The Court expressed that such claims could not apply in this case because it was not the right one for such common laws. The Court viewed this case as a commercial deceit that English law could handle under tort. This implied that VTB could only make claims against defendants under tort principles for deceits and wrongful acts. Therefore, the Court claimed that there were â€Å"no policy reasons for giving the case an artificial remedy in a situation, which VTB did not need† (Kain, 2012). According to the Court, VBT merely invoked claims to support it cases because it â€Å"assumed that the English courts could assume jurisdiction in its claims† (Kain, 2012). Possible contr ibutions of the case with regard to piercing the corporate veil This case has created debates regarding the legal principle of piercing the corporate veil. Consequently, it will have significant influence among the Commonwealth states. Courts and commercial lawyers must also review their approaches with reference to this case and principle of piercing the corporate veil. This case raises some issues of fundamental interests. First, the Court established that VBT’s claims had no factual, legal, or principle basis under English common law in which the Court could lift the corporate shield of RAP. According to this ruling, the Court cannot make a controller of another entity a party to a contract of another company. In this sense, the Court observed â€Å"the principle of a separate legal entity and the law of privity of a contract† (Kain, 2012). Scholars may argue that this decision can limit England’s attraction for foreign cases involving corporate disputes. How ever, the English Court has clarified significant matters about piercing the corporate veil. This implies that the Court cannot just rule to satisfy the claims of another party. It must observe principles of common laws. Any ruling in favour of piercing the corporate veil of RAP could have created new controversies regarding the principle of corporate law. Second, if the Court could have affirmed VBT’s claims, then it would have raised issues regarding the remedies available to VBT and the position of the company’s controller with reference to separate and distinct party to the contract. Affirming these claims of VBT would mean disregarding the principle limited liability for corporation directors. Thus, the Court avoided contradict the principle of separate legal personality in the benchmark ruling of Saloman v A Saloman Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. Third, we must also note that VBT wanted the Court of England to pierce the corporate veil of a foreign company. The Court of A ppeal did not refer to RAP as a foreign company. The issue arises whether it is appropriate for the Court of England to a pierce a veil of a foreign company and the possible consequences of doing so. On the other hand, we must also note that VBT is a Virgin Island company. Thus, the Court acted under English law. However, it did not confirm the position of RAP as a foreign entity. We must also recognise careful analysis of the English law by the Court. This analysis helps commercial entities and lawyers understand circumstances under which the Court can pierce the corporate veil. Thus, it helps clear discrepancies in past rulings. For instance, in the case of Gramsci, the Court had to pierce the corporate veil. As a result, the puppeteer or the controlling mind had to bear responsibilities of the contract. In contrast to VTB case, questions arise whether the Court made a wrong judgment on the case of Gramsci. In other words, the Court did not obey the principle of separate legal ent ity of the owners. In addition, the Court’s ruling highlighted that it could only pierce the corporate veil based on the principle of equitable remedies. In this manner, the puppeteer must not evade its contractual liabilities. However, the Court could not take such action on a non-contractual puppet or puppeteer. However, this case is not over just yet. VTB applied for an appeal to the Supreme Court. This implies that new decisions on piercing the corporate veil of a corporation and its controlling minds shall emerge. Conclusion This matter raises some controversies regarding the relevancy, applicability, and effectiveness of the principle of piercing the corporate veil. In this case, the Courts should declare their positions regarding the principle of piercing the corporate veil. This is because Judge Arnold declared that there is no such principle as piercing the corporate veil. From the above examples, it is clear that the act of piercing the corporate veil is not clear. It is also controversial and will persist to be so for many years coming. The case of VTB shows that piercing a corporate veil exists only in theories. For instance, the Court noted that it was only valid under a â€Å"special circumstance, which indicates that it was a mere faà §ade concealing the true facts† (Kain, 2012). With reference to the above terms, English law does not recognise the principle of piercing the corporate veil. In addition, the use of terms like â€Å"a mere faà §ade concealing the true facts† makes VTB’s claims under piercing the corporate veil difficult. Conversely, English Courts are willing to preserve well-established and long-standing principles of common laws like the rule of corporate personality. This is exactly how the Court ruled on the case of VTB. It recognised the claim that Nutritek and its associates were independent party to the contract. Thus, were not part of the agreement consequently, had no liability over the claims . Nevertheless, we have to recognise that there are no provisions on how courts should rule on cases about piercing the corporate veil. Still, rulings may also vary from various jurisdictions. For instance, the outcome of the case could have been different in Russia where RAP has its origin. Therefore, we have to look at how courts appreciate different cases involving piercing the corporate. We can see the contradicting decisions on Gramsci and VTB cases and the merits under each case. The ruling could have different if there were direct issues like fraud, sham or facade, unfairness, corporate groups, and agency. Most courts pierce the veil based on these issues. However, the Court established that the case of VBT was a deceit with a perfect remedy under tort laws. Thus, it ignored the inappropriate conducts of the controlling mind behind the deceit. These rulings make the concept of piercing the corporate veil uncertain and not reliable for creditors. The concept is also undergoing inevitable changes. Thus, the issue persists whether Courts can go beyond injustice and impropriety. Still, we have also recognised that the English Court can only pierce the veil to grant equity to parties in dispute. This ruling also demonstrates that Courts still focus on fraud as the key requirement for piercing the veil. Reference List Bainbridge, S 2001, ‘Abolishing Veil Piercing’, J. Corp Journal of Corporate Law, vol. 26, p. 479. Farrar, J 1990, ‘Fraud, Fairness and Piercing the Corporate Veil’, Canadian Business Law Journal, vol. 16, p. 474. Financial Reporting Council 2012, Annual Reports. Web. Forji, A 2007, The Veil Doctrine in Company Law. Web. Gower Davies 2003, Principles of Modern Company Law, 7th edn, Sweet and Maxwell, London. Kain, B 2012, UK Supreme Court to Pierce the Issue of the Corporate Veil: VTB Capital Inc. v. Nutritek International Corp. Web. Payne, J 1997, ‘Lifting the Corporate Veil: A Reassessment of the Fraud Exceptio n’, Cambridge Law Journal, vol. 1997, p. 56. Pugh, C 2012, ‘United Kingdom: Piercing The Corporate Veil – Recent Developments, Mondaq Corporate Company Law, vol. 2012 , pp. 1-4. Rogowski, G 1999, Company Law in Modern Europe, Dartmouth Publication, Sudbury, MA. This essay on Piercing the Corporate Veil: England and Wales was written and submitted by user Stephanie N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

RE Methods and Experience Essay

RE Methods and Experience Essay RE: Methods and Experience Essay Research Methods Case Scenario Tara Millisor General Psychology 111 Research Methods Case Scenario There have been studies that show how participating in activities and interventions, help students with lower reading scores significantly increase their reading scores. In one study, exercise not only builds your fitness, it also boosts brain power, which can help students do better in school and improve grades. Studies show that teens who do aerobic exercise, like walking and swimming have bigger brains. Exercise can enlarge a brain's basal ganglia, that helps you pay attention while in school. One school has shown that thirty minutes of walking on a treadmill improved many students' problem solving skills by ten percent. Complicated movement stimulates thinking, so moving around while studying may help children learn. Even by standing up can help you pay attention when working on assignments. To boost students brain power to its max they need to get at least eight and a half hours of sleep a night and start the day with a healthy breakfast. Another study shows the effects of a vo luntary summer reading intervention were assessed in a trial involving 552 students in ten schools. In this study, fourth grade children received eight books to read during summer vacation, and were encouraged to practice oral reading at home with a family member and to use comprehension strategies during independent, silent reading. Reading lessons occurred during the last month of school in June, and 8 books were mailed to students on a biweekly basis during July and August. Iowa Test of Basic Skills were largest for students who reported owning fewer books at home, less fluent readers, and minority students. These findings suggest that a voluntary summer reading intervention may represent a scalable and cost effective policy for improving reading achievement among students. My hypothesis to help students with lower reading scores and show how to

Sample Short Answer Response for College Admissions

Sample Short Answer Response for College Admissions Many colleges and universities ask an applicant to write a brief essay that elaborates on a high school extracurricular activity or work experience. This might be a supplement for the Common Application or a part of the schools own application. The majority of students choose to focus on extracurriculars, but Joel makes the unusual decision to focus on a rather unglamorous job, working at Burger King. Joels Short Essay on His Work Experience For the past year I have worked part-time at Burger King. Its a job I picked up to help pay for my class trip to Germany. The job is what youd expect -   Im on my feet the whole time assembling burgers, squirting ketchup, and cooking fries. The pace can be frantic at times, and the pay is low. My friends who come into the restaurant make fun of me. The job is neither strengthening my calculus skills nor improving my writing ability. However, I have been surprised by the relationships Ive developed with my coworkers. Some are high school students like me, but others are twice my age working full time and struggling to support their families. When I applied to Burger King I simply wanted a paycheck, but I now am grateful for the opportunities Ive had to build friendships with and learn from people very different from me. Critique of Joels Short Answer Response Joel takes a risk in his short answer response because he describes a job that isnt something most people (often wrongly) would want to highlight. However, Joel makes a couple moves in his response to make it effective. First, he manages to slip in his reason for taking this job -   he wants to travel to Germany. The fact that he is willing to work hard to have this travel experience shows a level of motivation and global interest that should impress the admissions officers. The writing itself is clear and free of errors, and the essay comes in at 833  characters/150 words - the maximum limit for Joels essay prompt. With extremely short essays like this,  the recommended essay   length  should be close to the upper limit. You have so little space to say something meaningful that you should take advantage of the space you have. Had Joels essay had a 250-word limit, he could have provided some more details about the people with whom he worked, and expand upon the lesson he learned from the experience. When it comes to Joels job, he doesnt try to present it as something it isnt. In a somewhat humorous way, he describes the nature of his Burger King employment. Joel is clearly not trying to impress the admissions folks with the job itself. What Joel does reveal, however, is that even the most mundane job can have its own rewards, and that a job is often defined by coworkers more than by the duties of the job itself. Joel doesnt have space in the short answer to explain exactly what he has learned from his coworkers, but we leave his response with the feeling that Joel is someone who is open-minded and can get along with and learn from people different from himself. He is also someone who is willing to work hard for his goals. These are qualities that will be attractive to a college. A Final Word on Short Answer Essays Dont underestimate the importance of the shorter essays a college or university requires as part of their application. While the main Common Application essay is certainly important, it is common - youre submitting that same essay for every school that uses the Common Application. The supplemental essays address specific issues of interest to the specific college. If you fail to follow the best practices for these short essays, you will likely fail to convince the college that your interest is sincere. Work hard to avoid common short answer mistakes. For another example of a good short answer, Christie does a good job in her essay on her love of running. Dougs essay on a business he started, on the other hand, strikes the wrong tone and could end up hurting his application.

Critical Thinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Thinking - Research Paper Example When HP, Compaq, and Dell developed PCs and offered to the individuals at an affordable cost, the market grew at an exponential rate. It was too late for IBM then to grab a respectable share in PC market. A critical and creative thinking on part of the IBM to serve large small consumers at an affordable cost would have prevented others to grab the huge market that it culminated into within a decade or so. Free will is a philosophical term for which most philosophers believe that the free will is related with moral responsibility. Acting with free will means one is responsible for ones action. Free will, according to Rene Descartes, means freedom of choice to do or not to do something (Stanford encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2010). Socrates rightly said that truth can be approached by complete ignorance and not by any preconceived notions and beliefs. When one questions all established belief system then one goes nearer to the truth. Usually, it is believed that knowledge is an observational phenomenon but according to ‘rationalists’, knowledge can also be gained purely by thinking. This contrasts the view point of ‘empiricists’ that all knowledge is gained through observations. In order to understand what knowledge is and how it will be available, one needs to ponder over what role knowing might play or what inherent value it may offer – if there is any (Internet Encyclopedia of philosophy (2012). Usually, opinions are formed before hand before going deeper into the details. Each one of us has preconceived beliefs and opinions about so many things and that come in our way in finding the truth. Opinions without any basis are great impediments to our free thinking. Egocentrism is hindrance to critical thinking because it revolves around self-centered thinking. It has two major forms known as self-serving and self-interested thinking. Egocentrism develops due to superiority feeling in

The strange case of dr. Jekyll and mr. Hyde Essay

The strange case of dr. Jekyll and mr. Hyde - Essay Example Dr.Jekyll – the main character in the story - says â€Å"With every day, and from both sides of my intelligence, the moral and the intellectual, I thus drew steadily nearer to that truth, by whose partial discovery I have been doomed to such a dreadful shipwreck: that man is not truly one, but truly two†¦It was on the moral side, and in my own person, that I learned to recognise the thorough and primitive duality of man; I saw that, of the two natures that contended in the field of my consciousness, even if I could rightly be said to be either, it was only because I was radically both† (Stevenson, p.82) All his life Dr.Jekyll was trying to be good, to suppress the evil side of his personality. But his curiosity and his desire to try the other life, to see what pleasures it can bring, moved him to the experiment of dividing himself into two different personalities. In the body of Mr.Hyde Dr.Jekyll was able to free his desires that were not virtuous, to give in to th e life’s temptations. It was an interesting game at first, while he could still decide when to be Jekyll and when to be Hyde, but then it turned into a tragedy, when his evil self started to dominate, until it was almost impossible to become Dr.Jekyll again, and led to the death of this character. Stevenson examined the theme of human pride and human’s inability to foresee the consequences of his actions.

Modern democracy develop in America Essay Example for Free

Modern democracy develop in America Essay The English colonies on the eastern coast of American can be divided into three groups, the North, the Middle Colonies and the South. They all have very different attitudes but they all came here to America to escape from the oppression back in Europe and to develop a new, democratic country. To establish democracy, they all have to face the same enemy, the British. Modern democracy involves the right to vote, check and balance, and an elected representative. The main reasons for development of modern democracy in America were religion, wealth, political freedom, pragmatism and secularism. Religion and political freedom are strongly related to each other because Christianity provided an essential moral foundation for liberal democratic government. The Pilgrims who reached New England in 1620 escaped from religious persecution by the English church and government and the corruptions of Holland. Soon they decided to set up their own government base on Christian ideas, particular the idea of equality. It was one of the early steps towards modern democracy in America. The Pilgrims drew up an important agreement called the Mayflower Compact. The agreement stated that the government would make just laws and equal with the consent of the colonists. In practice this meant that adult male Pilgrims met from time to time to elect a governor and a small group to assist him. The Puritans also hated the hierarchy system in the English church. But comparing to the Pilgrims, the Puritans were more ambitious. They thought it was destiny and Gods will that brought them to America. Religion and the idea of city upon the hill caused them to form a democratic government. City upon a hill was proposed by John Winthrop. He meant that the new colony would be an example for the rest of the world of how God meant men and women to live. The Puritans should build their city well and it would become a model which England might follow. Wealth also hindered the movement of democracy. First of all, the colonists in the south went to American hoping to find wealth and success which they found by growing tobacco and slave trade. Once they got wealth, they wanted to protect their property and to gain further profit. The only way to do  this is to have a government system where it will concern about peoples self interest. As a result, a democratic government is developed where most issues were approved or discussed by the people before it was passed. Pragmatism means human taking practical actions to problems. America is a new, strange land to the colonists. The colonists had to be very flexible to cope with the wilderness. Secularism means the exclusion of religious and supernatural beliefs. These two ideas combined to develop another characteristic of modern democracy that is religious freedom. It was first suggested by William Penn, a Quaker. They believed all men are equal no matter what race or what religion they believed in. The Quakers thought religion does not dictate political decisions, though the moral views originating in Christianity remain. Rather then concentrating on the religious aspect, they concentrate on improving their lives in this new country. The Shakers held a similar idea with the Quakers. They believed in Hands to work, heart to God. This developed the idea of you can believe in any religion or none at all, with little legal or social sanction, that is the freedom of religion. The main cause of the American War of Independence is how the British treated Americans after the Seven Years War. The Seven Years War (1756-1763) had the French on one side and Prussia backed by British gold on the other. The Seven Years War was mainly the result of trading rights. The British colonials (Americans) were pinned up against the Atlantic seaboard, with only the Hudson Bay Company in the north challenging the French trading. The colonists were running out of land. British found the need to expand. But doing so, they would enter the Ohio Valley, controlled by France. In the end, France was defeated. Although Britain won the war, they found themselves in an unfavourable situation. The war was longer than the British had expected and was expensive. Even worse, the colonists were moving west. In order to maintain their new land in America British must send troops to protect it, this was another huge spending. Since Britain had defended the thirteen colonies, they thought tha t the colonists should pay for the troops by various taxes. Starting from 1763, Britain tried to apply its own policy onto the American colonists. The American colonists were unpleased because the reason why there were here in America was to escape from English rule but now the British government was making decisions, disregarding the assemblies that they established earlier. A few events highlighted the colonists resentments and anger toward Britain. In 1764, the Revenue Act was introduced. It stated that colonists have to pay duty for molasses which is used to make rum. It was the first time that the colonists felt the unjust of British rule. The next year, British introduced another tax through Stamp Act. This Act made colonists to buy stamps for newspaper and many other essential items. They even have to buy license for playing cards and dice. The colonists became outrageous, they believed only their assemblies can tax on them, not the London Parliament which is few thousands miles away and they had not much power in it. The anger towards British rule was intense by Britain demolishing all duties in the Townshend Act apart from tea. The colonists regarded this as a bribe to make them end the boycott with British government so that the British can tax them. As a result, a first actual rebellion was broke out and it was known as the Boston Tea Party. Few colonists disguised themselves as Indians and threw cargos of tea into the harbour. This rebellion alerted the British. The British decided to make a harsher plan towards America. The Intolerable Acts were made in 1774 to gain total control over American colonists. The British block ports and only allow American assemblies to meet once a year. This is the ultimate reason for making the American wanted to go to war with Britain. The Acts caused the colonists to stop all trade with Britain and raise their own troops. Americans felt that Britain was taking their democracy away by simply ruling them in British way. Under British rule, Americans did not have the right to vote or to elect government. They did not have religion freedom and must follow the English church. They could not have their own trade. The colonists feelings could be expressed through the Philosophes arguments. As the famous philosophe, Voltaire said, I disagree with everything you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it!, he believed that the Church stood in the way of truth by telling people what to believe instead of allowing them to think for themselves. The American extended this  idea even further and thought that Britain was in the way of their democracy and that the welfare of the colony and the Empire were not always synonymous. The philosophes also emphasised on human rights and this related to how the American thought when a government does not consent the governed, it should be change. The colonists fled from the oppression back in Europe and wanted to start a new life. Their religion, ambition and attidtues finally led them to the road to modern democracy. But Britain disregarded their rights and democracy and this is the immediate cause of the American War of Independence.

3 branches of government Essay -- essays research papers

Democracy is a Greek word meaning â€Å"rule by the people.† The idea of a democratic government began in Greece in 700 B.C, about twenty-five hundred years ago. Rome was so large that not everyone could play a role in government so the Roman citizens elected representatives to speak and act for them. This form of government was called a republic. The United States has a representative form of government. The representatives make laws and rules for the country. The government should be rated at an 8 because it has some flaws but it is still decent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are three branches of government in the United States representative democracy. The legislative branch, makes the laws for the country and creates agencies and programs. The judicial branch makes the laws and determines if the acts of congress are constitutional or unconstitutional. The executive branch carries out the laws making it the most important branch of the United States government. The Judicial Branch in the United States, unlike most national Judicial systems, yields great political power and must be counted as part of the American Political system. Someone or some group must go to the court first; the court does not take the initiative. The Judicial Branch is a system of courts that manage court cases at all levels including federal, state, and local. Federal cases have a higher penalty under conviction. Judges of Federal court cases are both strict and just. If found guilty in a federal court one must face sentencing to a variety of punishments. Punishments include the death penalty and prison sentencing. â€Å"The Judiciary is the safeguard of our liberty and of our property under the constitution†. This quote is a good description of the judicial branch and courts. The Judiciary is a safeguard of our liberty because it governs the court system, which keeps society in line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The goal of the Judicial branch is to hold people accountable for crimes and keep justice in the land. This goal is being reached for the most part. Those who commit crimes are brought to trial. The court system is responsible for many duties of justice. Courts make the world a safer place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Judicial Branch is made up of 3 types of courts: The Supreme Court, U.S. court of appeals and district courts consist of nine justices, are appointed... ... â€Å"Court Rulings; Virginia Laws: Cross Burnings†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Los Angeles Times 3 Nov. 2001   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Borenstein, Seth. â€Å"Anthrax forces House to Recess.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Philadelphia Inquirer 18 Oct. 2001   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gutkin, Steven. â€Å"Bombs Target the Front Lines†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Delaware County Daily Times 22 Oct, 2001   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mills, Doug â€Å"Bush to Allies: â€Å"It’s Time To Act†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Philadelphia Inquirer 7 Nov. 2001 Magazine Source Samuel, Terence. â€Å"The Fight over Safe Flights.† U.S. News & World Report 12 Nov. 2001: 18. Television Source   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"President Bush is Ready to Expand the National Guards Role At Airports†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ABCNews Tonight Peter Jennings. 9 Nov. 2001   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"President Bush returns to World Trade Center†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ABCNews Tonight Peter Jennings. 9 Nov. 2001

Compare and Contrast ‘Crow Lake’ and ‘Warren Pryor’

In the modern day, millions of students of all ages from around the globe attend schools and universities solely for the purpose of receiving an education. The reason as to why education is one of the most important elements in life is because it helps individuals gain wisdom and awareness, and essentially achieve more success in their lives. The importance of education also happens to be one of the central elements in Mary Lawson’s ‘Crow Lake’, as well as in ‘Warren Pryor’, a poem written by Alden Nowlan. To begin with, one most first realize the true value of education.We are introduced to this concept when we see the extents to which Warren’s parents go in order for their son to be able to receive an education, rather than to labour on a farm. In the first stanza of the poem, Alden describes: â€Å"His parents boarded him at school in town, slaving to free him from the stony fields† (Nowlan 2-3). Alden is able to achieve imagery in hi s reader’s mind by his use of diction. The selection of words such as ‘slaving’ creates a powerful evocative effect, as it highlights how much an education is truly worth. On the other hand, Kate is also making similar conclusions.While reflecting on her university education, she explains: â€Å"I had discovered by then that Great-Grandmother Morrison was more right than she knew about the power of education [†¦] she’d had no idea of the other doors it could open† (Lawson 187). This passage reveals Kate’s experiences with success and her realizations about the true potential of formal education. Another common element between the protagonists of the novel and the poem, is the financial struggles they have to face and the sacrifices they have to make. Alden Nowlan describes Warren’s situation with: â€Å"When every pencil meant a sacrifice† (Nowlan 1).This line introduces the reader to a taste of poverty, where something as uncostly as a pencil can mean a sacrifice. Similarly, Kate retells: â€Å"Money was too tight for me to go home for short breaks† (Lawson 188). This shortage of money in the Morrison family translates into separation of the members from each other. Therefore although the two characters are faced with different situations, the lack of money becomes an issue for both the protagonists, as well as their families. However, Kate and Warren begin to contrast each other in their attitude towards receiving an education.While Kate sees her university as the ultimate path to a brighter future, she explains: â€Å"The World was spreading itself out before me; I felt that I could go anywhere, do anything. Be anyone. † It is clear that she realizes her opportunity to change her life for the better, and she is prepared to take advantage of it. While on the other hand, Warren Pryor does not seem to be a man of books and learning. Although he was able to finish university and successfu lly get a job, the last stanza explains: â€Å"And he said nothing. Hard and serious like a young bear inside his teller’s cage† (Nowlan 13).While ironically this life of hard work and success means little to Warren, in order to avoid disappointment from his parents, he chooses to remain silently inside his teller’s cage. Although these two pieces of literature have a few differences and points of contrast, for most of the parts they’re significantly relevant. Mary Lawson and Alden Nowlan both use unique methods of bringing a subject to life, whether by in depth development of a character, or through biblical and religious references. Overall, both pieces deal with the central concept of the importance of education in today’s world, for both the individual and the society.

Distribution Of Childhood Obesity Health And Social Care Essay

Childhood fleshiness is distributed disproportionately in different parts. Socio-economic position, racial groups, ( lobstein et.al. , 2006 ) being more common in lower expectary and morbidity are common in lower. Socio-economic group in developed states like U.K ( Wilkison.R & A ; Marmot R ) sing these several factors. Sociological theoretical accounts strives to explicate wellness inequalities in society which contributes to childhood fleshiness. The 2nd back study ( exworthy 2003 ) identified inequalities in wellness and the ( Acheson 1988a ) concluded that socio-economic inequalities and this explore a manner with single life manners, socio-economic position ( Dahlgreen societal determiners & A ; whitehead 1991 ) with several theoretical account which explains the wellness inequalities includes- Individual behavior- life style & A ; civilization. In this single behaviour the nutrient wonts of the kids plays an of import function in kids from lower-income groups are more vulnerable to fleshiness due to high Calorie, high-fats in cheaper nutrients and limited physical activity ( Kumanjika 2008 ) . In Westernization or modern societal tendencies noshing, drinks, fast nutrients in eating houses and restricted physical activity by parents contributes for prevalence of childhood fleshiness in higher income groups ( ) . In support for this account about physical activity degree or sedentary activity degrees by kids have declined in U.K activity & A ; inaction acts as spheres to stand for the prevalence of fleshiness ( Gortmaker et. , Al ) This single behaviour is chosen to avoid unhealthy nutrient wonts, inaction in kids and to follow healthy wonts to get the better of ill-health. This single behaviour theoretical account provides account on life manner or civilization of the parentschildren and this avoids focal point social factors for childhood fleshiness. Mostly it is individualistic and alteration in behaviour should non itself wellness inequalities for adequate to explicate childhood fleshiness. Other societal factors are to be considered which contributes for another model- The materialist Structuralist: This theoretical account focuses on societal factors and poorness as the chief factors for sick wellness associating to child goon fleshiness aa‚ ¬ † In U.K kids from low socio economic groups have somewhat higher odds than kids from higher income groups ( Stamatkis et. Al. , 2005 ) .Statically grounds shows that kids from lower income groups histories for ( 31 % ) to the kid goon fleshiness ( Wardle et al.,2006 ) . This account supports poorness, as the chief cause for sick wellness in kids of the lower societal groups. The morbidity rates are stable from 19th century in low socio economic categories and even started out of the blue increasing from last old ages of twentieth century ( Mackenbach.P.J 2006 ) . The authorities stated no being of poorness in Britain as consumer lasting ownership is even high in low income groups ( Goodman et. al. , 1997 ) .This statement failed by Breadline Britain Surveys which evidenced 20 % families are below poorness line ( Gordon 1997 ) . This account contributes information to authorities to concentrate on low societal categories to better the life criterions to get the better of sick wellness in kids. This account is supported by: Marmot reexamine report- The societal gradient of wellness inequality groundss if lower socio economic position the poorer is the wellness with inter related factors like- unemployment, lodging etc. , ( Marmot Review Report 2010 ) . This account specifies that deficiency of resources, low rewards, poorness are responsible for sick wellness in kids and these factors are out of control by the person and to better rewards, resources to the working category accent on political relations i.e. , authorities is made which adopts a exemplary Neo-Materialist theoretical account and this theoretical account stress on societal, political, economic factors which affects the wellness and these are out of control of single and includes results from organisations like schools, fast nutrient ironss etc. , ( White.K 2010 ) . This laid to an attack by authorities in supplying low fat bites repasts in schools. This mercenary theoretical account account is important to explicate about the capitalist state like U.K. The authorities is with increasing inequalities in wellness and income degrees ( Mackenbach P.J. 2006 ) . This indicates that policy devising by the authorities should look after the wages axes of the on the job category. This account is supported by the fact that U.K poorness is reversed to 1930s from 1980s ( Gordon 1997 ) . And widened income degrees in U.K from 1980s ( Wilkinson R.G ) . This mercenary theoretical account has been expanded to life class attack model- as the childhood fleshiness is underlying hazard factor for chronic diseases like cardiac diseases, diabetes mellitus, hyper tenseness etc. , ( Gortmaker.S.L et al. , 1993 ) supported by childhood fleshiness uninterrupted to adult and is affected by socio economic fortunes ( Viner M.R, Cole.T 2005 ) . The mercenary theoretical account account indicates that single wellness or behaviour is strongly influenced by factors beyond the persons control and this adopts a socio economic theoretical account ( Acheson 1998a ) deficiency resources in the society like unemployment, higher monetary values, low rewards, deficiency of houses etc. , are the societal determiners which contributes to ill wellness ( Wang 2004 ) . This provides account on relationship between single and their surrounding surveies suggests that societal fortunes play an of import function in single behaviour. Children from low socio economic position are more vulnerable to fleshiness due to faulty, cheaper nutrient high Calorie diet and limited physical activity ( ) . This deficiency of resources by parents of low income category obstructs kids signifier healthy diet, physical activity and this support that the ailment wellness, fleshiness is influenced by societal fortunes instead than single. The material resources i s supported by: Marmot Review Report- The one-year estimated cost of wellness inequalities is between A?36 billion to A?40 billion and is with societal justness for get the better ofing wellness inequalities ( Marmot Review Report 2010 ) . This supports that justness in material resources to take down income category overcomes wellness inequalities in farther coevals of kids. The socio economic theoretical account explores in sing psychosocial factors for kid goon fleshiness which is supported by kids with corpulent female parents, lower cognitive stimulation, lower income degrees are with increased hazard for fleshiness. This psychological factors focus on low self-pride, kids with unhealthy behaviour. Social procedures that are involved in childhood fleshiness are concluded by explicating hypothesis aa‚ ¬ † Relative poorness effects on kids child goon fleshiness, Living criterions, household influence on childhood fleshiness, comparing of position by kids in society.

Where to Find Privacy and Quiet Time in College

Where to Find Privacy and Quiet Time in College As much fun as it is to always have such interesting and engaging people around you in college, even the most outgoing of students need some privacy from time to time. Unfortunately, finding privacy on a college campus can be more of a challenge than you might think. So just where can you go when you need a few moments (or even an hour or two) to escape from it all? Here Are Some Ideas 1. Rent a carrel in the library. At many larger schools (and even some smaller ones), students can rent a carrel in the library. The cost usually isnt too high, especially if you consider how much youll pay a month for a quiet place you can call your own. Carrels can be great because you can leave books in there and know that theres always a quiet place to study without being interrupted. 2. Head to a large athletic facility when its not in use. Consider checking out the football stadium, track, soccer fields, or another athletic facility when there isnt a game going on. A space you might traditionally associate with thousands of people can be blissfully quiet when no events are planned. Finding a little nook for yourself in the stands can be a great way to get some time to just sit and reflect or even catch up on your long-overdue reading. 3. Cozy up in a  large theater facility when theres nobody there. Even if there is no play or dance performance scheduled until later this evening, chances are the campus theater is open. See if you can go inside for a great place to get some privacy as well as some comfy chairs to do your homework in. 4. Try your house or residence hall during mid-morning or mid-afternoon. Think about it: When are you least likely to be hanging out in your hall or house? When youre in  class, of course. If you want some privacy in a place that is familiar, try heading home during the mid-morning or mid-afternoon when everyone else is off in the academic buildings- if you dont have a class, of course. 5. Head to a far corner of the campus. Download the campus map from your schools website and look at the corners. What places dont you usually visit? Those are probably the places most other students dont visit either. If you have some time, head to a corner of campus that never gets any visitors and find a little corner of the world to call your own for a while. 6. Reserve a music studio. First and foremost, however: Only do this if youre sure theres plenty of extra studio space at that time- never steal this vital resource from the students who really need it. If there isnt much demand for space, consider reserving a music studio for an hour or two a week. Whereas other students will be practicing their violins and saxophones, you can put some headphones in and get some quality relaxation or meditation time. 7. Hang out in an art studio or science lab. If there arent any classes in session, art studio and science labs can be a funky place to get some privacy. You can have a phone conversation in private (provided theres no one else around to annoy)  or let yourself enjoy your creative side (sketching, painting, or maybe writing poetry?) while in a relaxing, calm environment. 8. Check out the dining hall during non-peak hours. The food court itself may not be open, but chances are you can still go and snag one of the comfy booths or tables (not to mention get a Diet Coke refill when you need it). Consider bringing your laptop so you can have some privacy while catching up on emails, Facebook, or other personal tasks that are hard to do with a ton of people around. 9. Wake up early and explore an entirely new part of campus.   It sounds horrific, but waking up early every now and then can be a great way to get some privacy, spend some time in self-reflection, and gain perspective. After all, whens the last time you had a few moments by yourself to go for a great morning run, do some morning yoga outside, or just go for a quiet walk around campus? 10. Stop by a campus chapel, temple, or interfaith center. Heading to a religious location may not be one of the first things that comes to mind when you think of where to go for privacy, but campus religious centers have a lot to offer. Theyre quiet, open most of the day, and will provide you with some time to reflect and process on whatever you need to for as long as you need to. Additionally, if youd like to get any spiritual counseling while youre there, theres usually someone you can talk to.

Top 8 Reasons Non-Teachers Can Never Understand Our Job

Top 8 Reasons Non-Teachers Can Never Understand Our Job Believe it or not, I once had an older family member approach me at a party and say, â€Å"Oh, I want my son to talk to you about teaching because he wants a career that’s easy and not stressful.† I don’t even remember my response to this illogical and bizarre comment, but obviously this lady’s cluelessness made a major impression on me. I’m still confounded by this idea even ten years after the incident occurred. You may have been on the receiving end of similar comments, such as: You’re so lucky to have so much vacation time, especially summers off. Teachers have it so easy!You only have 20 students in your class. That’s not so bad!It must be so easy to teach elementary school. The children don’t have attitudes when they’re so young. All of these ignorant and annoying comments just go to show that people who aren’t in education simply can’t understand all of the work that goes into being a classroom teacher. Even many administrators seem to have forgotten about all of the trials and tribulations we face on the front lines of education. Summers Aren’t Enough Recovery Time I do believe that every teacher appreciates our vacation times. However, I know from experience that a summer vacation isn’t nearly enough time to recover (emotionally and physically) from the rigors of a typical school year. Similar to childbirth and moving houses, only time away can offer the necessary respite (and memory failure) that allows us to gather the strength and optimism required to attempt teaching anew in the fall. Besides, summers are shrinking and many teachers use this valuable time to earn advanced degrees and attend training courses. In the Primary Grades, We Deal With Gross Bathroom-related Issues Even a high school teacher could never understand some of the crises related to bodily functions that a typical K-3 teacher has to deal with on a regular basis. Potty accidents (and more instances too disgusting to reiterate here) are something that we can’t shy away from. I’ve had third grade students who still wear diapers and let me tell you – it’s stinky. Is there any amount of money or vacation time worth cleaning up vomit from the classroom floor with your own two hands? We’re Not Just Teachers The word â€Å"teacher† just doesn’t cover it. We’re also nurses, psychologists, recess monitors, social workers, parental counselors, secretaries, copy machine mechanics, and almost literally parents, in some instances, to our students. If you’re in a corporate setting, you can say, â€Å"That’s not in my job description.† When you’re a teacher, you have to be ready for everything and anything to be thrown at you on a given day. And there’s no turning it down. Everything’s Always Our Fault Parents, principals, and society in general blame teachers for every problem under the sun. We pour our hearts and souls into teaching and 99.99% of teachers are the most generous, ethical, and competent workers you can find. We have the best of intentions in a messed-up education system. But somehow we still get the blame. But we keep teaching and trying to make a difference. Our Job is Really Serious   When there’s a mistake or a problem, it’s often heart-breaking and important. In the corporate world, a glitch might mean a spreadsheet needs to be redone or a little money was wasted. But in education, the problems go much deeper: a child lost on a field trip, students lamenting parents in jail, a little girl sexually assaulted on the walk home from school, a boy being raised by his great-grandmother because everyone else in his life abandoned him. These are true stories that I’ve had to witness. The pure human pain gets to you after awhile, especially if you’re a teacher out to fix everything. We can’t fix everything and that makes the problems we witness hurt all the more. Work Outside the School Day Sure, school only lasts 5-6 hours per day. But that’s all we’re paid for and the job is constant. Our homes are cluttered with work and we stay up til all hours grading papers and preparing for future lessons. Many of us take phone calls and emails from parents during our â€Å"personal† time. The problems of the day weigh heavy on our minds all night and all weekend. Zero Flexibility When You’re a Classroom Teacher When you work in an office, you can simply call in sick when you wake up unexpectedly ill on a given morning. But, it’s extremely hard to be absent from work when you are a teacher, especially if it happens without notice or at the last minute. It can take several hours to prepare the lesson plans for a substitute teacher which hardly seems worth it when you’re only going to be absent for five or six hours of classroom time. You might as well just go teach the class yourself, right? And dont forget the last one... Teaching is Physically and Emotionally Taxing To put it bluntly: Since bathroom breaks are hard to come by, it’s said that teachers have the highest incidences of urinary and colon problems. There are also issues with varicose veins from having to stand all day. Plus, all of the above difficulty factors, combined with the isolated nature of being the only adult in a self-contained classroom, make the job especially grueling over the long term. So for all you non-teachers out there, keep these factors in mind the next time you envy a teacher for her summers off or feel the urge to say something about teachers having it easy. There are some things about the profession that only teachers can understand, but hopefully this little gripe session has shed some light on the true nature of the job! And now that we’ve got most of the complaints out of the way, keep an eye out for a future article that will celebrate the positive side of teaching!

The practices of Human Resource Management in the organization Research Paper

The practices of Human Resource Management in the organization - Research Paper Example Methods of study For this study, the HR department was explored in detail in terms of understanding its core activities, practices and its position in overall organizational setup. This was done through personal interviews conducted with HR personnel as well as managers in other departments like finance, technology, operations and facilities. These questions were aimed at understanding the goals and objectives of HR team and their relationship with organizational objectives. In a top-down approach the general information related to HR function was gathered in a manner that paved way to put forth questions to assess the effectiveness of these practices as well as the HR function. Interviews: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with managers from core departments within the organization, which included the HR, technology, operations, facilities and finance teams. These interviews were semi-structured to allow further inquiry based on the responses from managers, which was extremely helpful to obtain individual insight and experiences related to contribution and involvement of HR personnel Questionnaire: Based on the responses from the interviews, a small questionnaire was prepared to assess the effectiveness of HR practices and their impact on overall employee wellbeing and progress. The questionnaires were graded on Likert scale, in which respondents graded their experience on a scale from 1 to 5. The responses to these questions will help in eliciting objective as well as subjective information that will highlight overall performance and effectiveness of HR function. 3. Findings: Findings from both interviews and questionnaires were interpreted in terms of basic HR functions. i). Acquisition: Interview with the HR manager highlighted the role of HR in... From this research it is clear that the human resource management plays a significant role in sustaining organizational performance through acquisition, motivation, maintenance and development of human resources of the organization. These goals are accomplished through specific policies, procedures and practices framed by the HR function. In order to successfully accomplish these goals, the HR function has to be actively involved in strategic planning processes with all other departments, as well as oversee implementation of these policies and procedures. For this, it is important that HR personnel work closely with other departments/functions at the ground level in order to assess the effectiveness of HR-related strategies and identify the issues and gaps. Based on the study conducted in the IT firm explained in present context, HR department plays similar role at strategic level; however, its involvement has to be intensified at implementation level by partnering with each departme nt. The HR department’s role has to be extended from strategic planning level to implementation process in order to accomplish organizational goals with respect to human resources, such as improved employee motivation, commitment, morale and continuous learning and developmental opportunities. Though the HR is already involved in accomplishing these goals, its practices have to be modified to achieve better and long-lasting outcomes related to these goals.